A volunteer with the Tennessee State Veterans Home, Benjamin Perlin has donated his time to a number of local charities. Benjamin Perlin also works at his local Habitat for Humanity Re-Store and is a talented photographer. A fan of film over digital images, Ben Perlin enjoys using science to create the exact images that he wants. Since the creation of photography, a number of different manual photo-manipulation strategies have emerged.
One of the most time-tested strategies involves manipulation in the darkroom. Dodging, masking, and burning are all techniques that create effects similar to digital manipulations except that they are done by hand during the printing process. American photographer Jerry N. Uelsmann has been one of the major pioneers of darkroom manipulation.
An old-school technique is negative scratching, which came into fashion in the 19th century. The so-called pictorialists used negative scratching to personalize their photos. This strategy uses a small tool to make marks in the negatives. Individuals can also write words on the top of the negative with the scratching tool or even a pencil.
Some photographers use double exposures as an artistic technique. While some film cameras have the ability to take a double exposure, individuals often have to use filters to achieve the effect. The filter covers part of the lens for the first shot and a different part for the second shot.
